Inverse problems appear in several fields, including medical imaging, image processing, mathematical finance, astronomy, geophysics, nondestructive material testing and sub-surface prospecting. For example, if you know the internal structure of an object, it is relatively straightforward to determine what an X-ray of that object will look like
An inverse problem is the reverse of this; it is the task of using the system’s behaviour to calculate its internal parameters. For example, by taking multiple X-rays at multiple angles, it is possible (in a process known as tomography) to calculate the internal structure of the object. This is the inverse problem of Computerized Tomography. In particular, I have been interested in various inverse problems which occur in Electrical Impedance/Capacitance Tomography and Computerized Tomography, accomplished several mathematical results and reconstruction algorithms for them